Machine for making bags



Oct. 14, 1947. H. R. DENTON' 2,428,337

MACHINE FOR MAKING BGS Filed Oct. 16, 1943 9 SheetsSheet l INVENTOR. HARVEY R BENTON Oct. 14; 1947.

H. R. DE-NTON MACHINE FOR MAKING BAGS Fil ed Oct. 16, 1943 9 Shets-Sheet 2 m u m m T N w N E 5 M W .r M N H M m an H NNI 1 Q M a iwm m x 3 Q w v 5 :0 Wm: %Z .i

(M14; 1947. v H, R, BENTON r 2,428,837

MACHINE FOR MAKING BAGS 7 Filed Oct. 16; 1943 9 Sheets-Sheet s M X INVENTOR. I

Hmvev R. Osnrazv ATTORNEYJ Oct. 14, 1947. H. R; DENTON MACHINE FOR MAKING BAGS Filed Oct. 16,.1943 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 lnQ g m H U N m .03 ,3 W m a) s m A HARVEY R. L's/v 0 Oct. 14, 1947. I DENITON 2,428,837

' EACHINE FORMAKING BAGS Filed Oct. 1 16, 1943 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR.

I19. '5. HRRVEY 1?. 05mm 7 @760 M flew, ATTORNEY-5 Oct. 14, 1947. H. R. DENTON' 2,428,837 MACHINE FOR MAKING BAG$ Filed Oct. 16,1945 9 Sheets-Sheet s INVENTOR. flfikv v R. Dezvrazv BY v @ 14, W ATTORNEYS Oct. 14', 1947. i DENTQN 2,428,837:

' MACHINE FOR MAKING BAGS v Filed Oct. 16, 1943 9 sheets-sheet 7 I INVENTOR. Z1 9 15- Ham/15y R. Pawn/v Y 1% Mr 9 I ATTORNEY! Oct. 14, 1947. H, R, DENT'ON- I 2,428,837

MACHINE FOR MAKING BAGS v Filedooic. 1a, 1945 f9 Sheets-Shet s Y INVENTOR.

mmvsv R. Dan/ram M a 5W ATTORNEYS 0a. 14, 1947. H. R. DENLI'ON 2,4 ,8 7

MACHINE FOR MAKING mes Filed out. 16, 1943 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 I32 I M 5 I M46 5? V 44 3- 52 i 5/5 96 m :1 {f 117. E5

INVENTOR. Ham/5y 1?. DENTa/v Patented Oct. 14, 1947 2,428,837 MACHINE FOR MAKING BAGS Harvey R. Denton, San

8 Claims.

This invention relates to a machine for making bags, envelopes, or the like, from paper or :paper-like materia One of the objects of the invention is an imsuch multi-walled bags together as a unit.

An additional object of the invention is an adapted to make bags from paper or paper-like material with a slip-sheet opposed sides of the respective bags along one of their edges.

Another object is an improved method of continuously making bags from a roll or rolls of new and novel. and advantages will appear in and in the drawings annexed Francisco, Calif., a'ssignor to Moist-R-Proof Container 00., San Francisco, Calif., a corporation of California Application October 16, 1943, Serial No. 506,505

pots may be used instead. However, certain improvements in means for heat-sealing are inpairs of Walls are sealedtogether.

In the past the use of slip-sheets, particularly in the type of bags that are heat-sealed, has been expensive and slow and in many instances impossible. With this invention the slip-sheets are properly positioned and cut to proper size so as not to interfere Withthe sealing operation, and this is accomplished with no sacrifice in speed or at any expense other than the cost of the slip sheets.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation View of the machine, certain heating elements that may be optional for use being indicated in dash lines.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the machine. sheet material being fed through the machine is indicated in dot-dash lines.

Figi 3' is an enlarged, vertical sectional View of part of the machine asseen from line 33 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged, fragmentary plan view of part of the machine adjacent the discharge end thereof.

Fig. 5 is an elevation'al view of the part shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional View of a portion of the machine at the bag discharge end thereof as seen from line 6-6 of Fig. 1.

7 is an enlarged elevational view of a portion of the machine as seen fr m a w A of F" i 7 than that shown in Fig. 8 is an elevational view of one of two identical elements making up the sheet folder.

Fig. 9 1s a plan view of the element of Fig. 8.

Fig. 9a. is a sectional view through one type of bag made by the machine.

Fig. 10 is a part sectional and part elevational View of a portion of the machine as seen from line Iii-40 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 11 is a part View of a portion of the line H--ll of Fig. 6. I

Fig. 12 is an enlarged, fragmentary sectional view of the cutter and sealer as seen from line l2-l2 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 13 is. an enlarged fragmentary sectional sectional part elevational machine as seen from manner in which the machine functions with and without the slip-sheet mechanism will be helpful 7 to a better view of a slightly different form of sealer than is indicated in Fig. 5.

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary elevational view of the slip-sheet cutter device showing the cutter and feed mechanism.

Fig. 15 is an enlarged sectional view of a por-' tion of the machine as seen from line l5-l5 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary part sectional, part elevational view of the mechanism associated with the device of Figs. 14, 15.

Figs. 17, 18, 19 are sectional views through several different forms of bags produced by the machine in which several strips of material are sealed together to form the bag, Fig. 17 showing a multi-walled bag.

Fig. 20 is an elevational view of one of the heating elements or rollers.

Fig. 21 is a semi-diagrammatic elevational view of the opposite side of the roller of Fig. 20.

Fig. 22 is an edge view of the roller of Fig. 20.

Fig. 23 is a fragmentary elevational view of part of the heating mechanism of Fig. 20.

different form of heating element Figs. 20 to 23 and one that may be substituted for the latter for certain work. Fig. 25 is a fragmentary elevational view of part of a different form of cutter and sealer than that of Fig. 5 and which is preferable in most instances for providing a better seal.

. Fig. 26 is a fragmentary sectional view taken through Fig. 25.

Fig. 2'7 is a fragmentary sectional view through a sealed end of a bag that is formed by operation of the cutter and sealer of Figs. 25, 26.

Fig. 28 is a semi-diagrammatic perspective view of the folding device, certain parts being broken away and in section.

The term paper as hereinafter used, will include paper-like material adapted to be heat sealed, such as regenerated cellulose, more commonly known as Cellophane and. chlorinated rubber, more commonly known as Pliofilm. Other trade-names are used for similar materials.

In general, referring to Fig. 1, one or more rolls I of the paper are adapted tobe rotatably supported at the feed end of the machine. In most instances these rolls are supported horizontally, but in some instances they may be vertical, as indicated.

Where the paper from a roll is to be folded on itself, it may pass over a folding device generally indicated at 2, after which the folded sheet passes under one or more sealing devices 3, and then' a reciprocating cutting between drive rollers 4 to device 5 that may also carry members.

In those instances where a slip-sheet is employed, a combined slip-sheet feed mechanism and cutter 6 near heat sealing understanding of the invention. The folding device 2 merely functions to cause the paper from one or more of the rolls to be folded or doubled over longitudinally of the strip or' strips coming from said rolls so as to seal.

the desired overlapped portions along edges of the sheet or sheets. Broadly speaking, paper folding devices of generally the character shown herein are old, and various kinds are used to accomplish various folds.

The sealing devices 3 press of the folded strip plate, and as said devices are heated, the overlapped portions will be heat-sealed together as the paper moves past said devices.

The drive rollers A function to keep the sheet of bag material moving continuously from the rolls past the folder 2 and sealer 3. When the said material comes to rollers flit is in the form of afiattened tube, and after the flattened tube moves past rollers 4 it goes between a cutter 5 that is actuated intermittently to cut offthe flattened tube transversely thereof, and heating ele ments are associated with the cutter 5 for sealing the tube at one or both sides of cutter 5, according to whether the bag is to be a side opening type or an end opening type.

It is particularly pertinent to this invention that this transverse cutting of the folded over strips or strip and the sealing along one or both sides of the line of the transverse out be done as the paper moves along'longitudinally of the strip fed from the machine and at equal to the speed produced by the feed rollers 4.

By varying the interval of time between suc cessive actuations of the sealer and cutter 5, it willbe seen that various length bags may be formed, since a shorter interval of time would produce a shorter produce a longer bag.

When the slip sheet feed device is used, a strip of slip sheet material is fed by rollers on device the f end of the machine '75 ent theret 6 to between opposite sides of the folded material that form the opposite sides of the bag. This slip sheet material may be drawn from a roll, as indicated at 1, at the feed end of the machine, and it is ordinarily relatively cheap paper since its purpose is to prevent the sticking together of the opposite side walls of the. bag. This use of the slip sheet is not restrictive however.

When the bag material folded by the folder devices at 2 leaves the latter it is in the form of a. continuous strip or off transversely to bag lengthand sealed along one of the sides of each cut to close one end of each section so cut. The slip-sheet material cannot extend between the sides of each bag at the end to be so sealed, therefore the slip-sheet material is intermittently cut by the cutter atfi, and each section so cut from the strip of slipsheet material is spaced from the section adja The feeding and cutting of th overlapped portions together against a supporting a speed of movement bag and a longer interval will flat tube which must be cut slip-sheetmaterial issynchronized with the feeding and cutting of the bag material so. thatthe space between adjacent pairs of sections cut from the roll of slip-sheet material will substantially correspond with the width required along one end edge of each bag to enable sealing the sides of the bag at such end by the sealer 5 that is at the discharge end of the machine.

In many instances, as where the material for forming the bags is sealed along one or both of the opposite edges of the opposite sides of the bag, the slip-sheet is not required, since the sealing of the bag material is at no point where there is any possibility of the opposite sides ofv the bags. sticking together in undesirable places.

The foregoing description is general and the following description is more in detail, taking up each of the elements of the machine in series from the feed end thereof, commencing with the folders 2.

The folding device 2 This device is indicated in Figs. 1, 2', 3, 8 and 9 and comprises a pair of posts 7 secured to the of.- housingsv H), or gear supports, each supporting arotatable worm gear H (Fig. 9) in mesh with a. gear [2,. the latter being supported for rotation about a vertical axis. To each gear i2 is secured one end of an arm I13, the latter projecting from said gear generally toward the end of the machine carrying rolls I.

The arms carried. by the gears 12 in the respective housings to are shown. in Fig. 2 as extending divergently toward the feed end of the machine, and each arm I3 carries a housing or gear support M on its outer end like housings l-ll. Each arm 13 is, secured at its outer end to a. gear 5 that is in mesh with a worm gear 16. These gears l5, it are like gears ll, t2;

Each gear l5 carries an arm l'liprojecting laterally therefrom, and on the outer end of each arm I! is a depending arm [8 that carries a horizontally extending strip 19' at its lower end that may extend. substantially parallelwith the arm 13 that carries each such. strip. These strips I"9 are parallel with the; upper side of. a horizontal folding board or plate 20' that extends: below said strips and longitudinally of the machine to a point adjacent the discharge end of' the machine.

The convergent ends of strips 1 9 extend one over the other and. spaced apart. where they cross a sufficient distance for the bag material to easily slide between them and over the upper side of plate 20- centrally of the width of the latter,

Between the divergent ends of strips lfiand' the feed end of the machine is a vertical plate 24 which plate is supported by posts 22 on the machine at opposite sides of the. machine. A cross bar 23 extending between the upper ends of'posts 22 carries the plate 24' which in turn carries a horizontal strip 24 at. its. lower end. Strip. 21 is secured to one end of the horizontal plate 20 supporting the-latter spaced above the upper side-25 of the machine (Fig. 3).

The paper or paper-like material from roll l is brought over'a horizontal strip or roller26 that extends between the upper ends of posts 22 and then extends downwardly over theside of plate 24 that facesroller I and under the strip 2| and plate 29. The marginal portions of the strip of trally of the paper passing over roller 26 so that.

the ends of. the strip 20 terminate distances inward ly of the edges of said paper equal to the widths of. the marginal: portions of the paper that are adapted to fold over the plate 20. Thus as the marginal portions are drawn over plate 20 to overlapping relation, the ends. of said strip 2] causes a bending of the paper along lines 21 that extend convergently upwardly from the ends of strip:2l' to the edges-of the paper that are adjacent the ends' of roller 26, as best seen in Fig. 28, and. in which the paper is shown in full line and is labeled.

While this systemof folding isgenerally old,

the provision o-f the'gears in housings or supports. l0, M at the ends of arms I3 is thought to be new, and enables the folding of a strip of bag material as above described, or by turning either the worm gears H, or IE, or both, may different foldings' of bag material be quickly eiiected for different bags and difierent sized bags without removing the strips and substituting others.

As oneexample, two or'more strips of'bag material may be simultaneously fed through the machine in which only a relatively narrow marginal portion along each longitudinally extending edge of the strip passing, under plate 20- may be folded over. the marginal portions of plate 20, and the strip from another of said rollers I may be fed over the top of plate 20 without folding of any portion thereof,.but so that the opposite marginal portions of the latter strip are between plate 20 and the over folded marginal portions of the first mentioned sheet or the marginal portions of the unfolded upper strip may lie over the folded marginal portions of the other strip. Fig. 17 shows such a bag. where two upper and two lower strips respectively forming, opposite sides of the bag are formed.

Plate 20-, of course, would be changed for a wider bag, but the strips I 9 and their mountings do not need to be changed, although they may be adjusted.

After the strip of bag material has passed the folding device 2, and has its overlapping por-' tions' over the upper side of plate 28, as indicated by the dot-dash lines 28, the said overlapping portions pass between the sealing devices 3 and the plate 20.

Sealing devices 3 Theparticular sealing devices illustratedare for use in heat-sealing the bag material, it being understood that the latter is on the order of regenerated cellulose, chlorinated rubber, or other material adapted to to be heat-sealed.

In Figs. 1. 2 and 20 to 24 the sealing devices or separate elements thereof areshown. Several pairs of posts similar to posts 1, such as are indicated at 29- and 3!) may be used, and posts 1 themselves may be used, as shown in Fig. 1.

A rotatable rod 31 extends between each pair of posts. I, 2.9; 30 and on each rod is secured one or more sets of the type of sealing devices shown in Fig. 1, each set including one or more rollers 32. having an electrical heating element 33 (Figs. 21, 22) and transformer 35 (Fig. 21) andalso heat control means 34.

The sealing rollers 32 and a cooling roller 36; which latter; may be of any desired material, such. as quartz: or of metal, are arranged in tandem. in direction longitudinally of themachi'ne;

with the cooling roller 36 nearest the discharge end of the machine.

-These rollers are carried on a frame 31 in said tandem relation, each roller itself being secured on a shaft 38 for rotation about the ,axis of the latter, and which shaft is secured to the end of the base arm of an L-shaped bracket 39 that is rotatably supported at the juncture of its arms on a pivot 49 that is carriedby the frame 31 (Figs. 1, 20).

' The heating element, transformer and heat control device are in an electrical circuit 42 (Fig. 21) that is supplied with current from wires 43 (Fig; 23) that are respectively connected to fingers that are in slidin contact with conductor rings 45 carried on shaft 38. Suitable electrical insulation is provided between bracket 39 and the pivot 49 and fingers 44, and shaft 38 may likewise be insulated from roller 32 to insure proper conduction of current to the heating element.

upwardly from the ends of each shoe G9, and which posts slidably extend through openings in.

the ends of a bar 52, which bar in turn carries lugs 53 that are directly pivoted to the hangers. Thus, upon lowering the shoe on After the bag material passes the sealers gen- 7 erally designated 3, and as above'described', it is in the form of a flattened tube enclosing the plate 20. The end of plate that is remote from its supporting plate terminates adjacent the drive rollers 4, said latter'rollers being the ones that draw the bag material past the folder device 2 and The vertical leg 42' of the brackets 40 of each adjacent pair thereof in a set are yieldably held in position by springs 43 so that the rollers of each set will be yieldably urged in a downward direction against the overlapped margins of the bag material, so asto press against such margins,

but said spring will permit the rollers to be yieldably raised independently of each other in the event of any irregularities inthe surface against which they are adapted to press against.

' There may be several frames 31 on each rod 3!, and as already stated, there may be several of said rods. g

At one end of each rod, 3i is secured one end of an arm 44, there'being a similar arm for each rod 3!. The opposite ends of arms 44 are connected by links as (Fig. l), and one of the end arms 44 has a link 46 connecting said end arm to one leg 41 of crank that is pivotally supported on the frame of the machine. The other leg 48 of the crank carries a handle. Thus, upon swinging the crank on its pivot in. one direction the frames 31 will be'swung to lower the rollers 32, 36 against the bag material to be sealed, while swinging of the crank in the opposite directionv will lift all of the frames 31 and rollers thereon clear of such material. Any suitable and conventional locking device (not shown) may be used to releasably hold the crank in a position with the rollers on frames 31 clear of the material to be sealed.

The use of a plurality of sealing rollers 32 on each frame 3'! insures a proper sealing of the overlying parts of the bag material, and the cooling roller 36 on each frame cools the seal after the sealing operation. It is obvious that any number of frames and rollers may be carried on each rod 3!, and said frames are adjustable relative to each other on each rod so as to bring one or more sets of rollers over the desired point above the plate 20 or above top of the machine outwardly of the side edges of said plate.

Modified form of sealing device sealers 3.

Drive rollers 4 These drive rollers are parallel, and are disposed one above the other. The upper roller 55 of said pair has coaxial shaft extensions 56 at its ends that are rotatably supported in brackets 51 (Fig. 5). Brackets 51 are pivoted at 58 to a nected at its lower end to one end of a generally i horizontally extending rod 60. The opposite end of rod 60 is pivotally connected to the end of one arm of a crank 6| (Fig. 1) that is provided with a handle for rotating the crank and thereby moving the rod 65 to lift the roller 55 from the roller 62 that is therebelow.

Roller 62 is the driving roller of the pair and the bag material B is fed between the two rollers for frictional engagement thereby and for pulling or drawing said material under the sealing elements previously described. Stationary brackets 63 are journalled for extensions (is of the shaft carrying the roller.

At one of their corresponding ends the pair of rollers 55, 62 have gears 65, 66 (Fig. 5) respectively secured thereto, said gears being adapted to mesh with each other when the rollers are in driving relation relative to the bag material B that is between them. Said gears separate upon actuation of the crank 6| for separating the rollers, hence to stop the feeding of bag material between the rollers it is merely necessary to sepaarate them by actuating the crank, although the drive roller 62 may continue to rotate.

The drive for roller 62 comprises a'sprocket 61 secured to one of the end extensions 64 (Fig. 7) and a similar sprocket on a drive shaft l0 (Figs. 2, 6) that are connected by sprocket chain 68. The drive shaft 15 is driven by a belt-pulley connection H with avariable speed changer 12 that is connected with thedrive shaft of a conventional motor 13 (Figs. 6, 11).

The lifting of the upper roller 55 may be accomplished independently of the lifting of the sealing devices 3, or the rod 69 may be connected with rod 45, if desired, so as to make this lifting operation of the roller 55 and said sealing de vices simultaneous. Only mechanical ingenuity would be required to make such connection.

Reciprocating cutting device 5 Atthe foot of the machine and at the lateral the material to: be heat-sealed, the shoe may float up and down side of the pair of rollers 55, 62 that is opposite the sealing devices 3 is the device generally designated 5. This device is ordinarily a combination sealer and cutter.

In operation, the sealing device 3 functions to seal overfolded or overlying bag material in a direction that is parallel with the strip drawn from one or more of the rolls I. Thus, a flattened tube of such material will pass between rollers 55, 62 for feeding to the cutting and sealing device that is generally designated 5. This device functions to cut oil the flattened tube at intervals in a direction transversely thereof, and to seal one or both of the cut ends adjacent the cutter, according to the type of bag to be formed, as will later be described.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2, it will be seen that a pair of parallel bars I5 project horizontally from the foot end of the machine, and which bars are generally in about continuation of the sides of the machine. These bars are rigidly connected at one of their ends to the frame of the machine, and function to support thereon a carriage that carries the cutter blades and sealing elements.

This carriage on bars I5 comprises a pair of bearings 16 (Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5) that are reciprocable on said bars. Each of said bearings carries an upstanding frame member 11 rigid therewith. Between members 11 extends a flat, elongated cutting blade 'I8 that is stationary relative to said frame members, and which blade I8 is adapted to cooperate with an elongated knife blade I9 adjacent th'ereto for cutting the bag material B that extends between said blades when the cutting edge of blade I9 moves in a shearing stroke past the shearing edge of blade 18. The mounting of blade I9 for such movement will be later described.

Alongside blade I8 and secured stationary relative thereto is an anvil ber extends between the frame members 71 and is secured thereto; While the blade I8 and anvil member 89 may materially contribute to the rigidity of the carriage that is reciprocable on bars 75, the frame members are also connected by a shaft 8|, and furthermore, there are aligned bosses 0n bearings I6 respectively that support a cross-shaft 83 therebetween (Fig. 4).

The crossshaft 8| 'is rotatable at its ends in bearings in frame members 11 and has an arm 84 secured to each of its ends and projecting laterally therefrom. Theends of an elongated heating bar 85 that carries therein electrical heating elements are respectively secured to the outer ends of arms 84. Thus, uponrotating shaft and said shaft and bar are so positioned that the heating bar 85 will swing upwardly into engagement with the anvil member 80 upon such rotation of shaft 8| in one direction. When bag material B is fed between the knives it also passes between member 89 and bar 85, the former being alongside blade I8, hence when the shaft 8| is rotated to cause the'heating bar 85 to move into engagement with the anvil member, the opposed sides of the bag material will be gripped between said bar and member and will be heat-sealed together. Of course the anvil member may have electrical heating elements therein as well as the bar 85, if desired.

Theblade I9 is also carried on shaft 8|, there being arms 86 rotatable at one of their ends on said shaft and the blade being carried on the outer ends of said arms.

Fig. 12 most clearly shows the knife I9, it being secured along one edge to a rigid reinforcing member 89, which mem-.

of rack 94 are respectively connected at 96' .frame .ofthe machine.

.the ratchet, teeth of wheel I99. wheel IE9 is stopped. by the pawLthe shaft I96 bar 81. A pair of parallel rods 88 are respectiveB secured at one of their ends to bar 81 projecting at about right angles from said bar. Each rod 88 slidably extends through a block 89 that is pivoted at 99 to each arm 86 while a spiral spring 9| around each rod 88 reacts between the blade and each block 89 to yieldably urge the blade I9 against guides 92 that are adjacent the ends of said blades. These guides 92 are strips in downward extension of the ends of stationary blade I8, and extend generally tangentially of the are through which the ends of arms 86 and rods 88 are adapted to move when the arms and rods are swung about the axis of shaft 8|. This mounting of the blade I9 on arms 86 will permit the blade to move axially of the rods 88 against-the expansion of springs 9| as the blade I9 slides on guides 92 toward blade 78 for shear- Drive means for carriage The carriage that supports the blades "I8, I9 and the anvil 89 and heating bar is reciprocated through the medium of a pair of parallel racks 93, 94. The rack 93 has a tension spiral spring. connecting one of its ends with a shaft 96 that is supported at its ends in the sides of the machine frame (Fig. 6). The opposite end of rack 93 and the correspondingly positioned end (Figs. 2,4) to cross bar83.

Asalready explained. theshaft 19 is driven by motor I3 through the .belt pulley connection 'II and variable speed changer 12. The shaft 19 in turn drives a variable speed changer 98 through a'belt pulley connection 99 (Figs. 6, 10) and the driven shaft of the speed changer 98 carries a pulley I99that is connected Witha pulley II on cross shaft 96 by a belt I 92 for rotating the shaft 96 at any desired speed.

On shaft I9 is also secured a gear I93 that is in meshwith a gear I94 (Figs. 6, 10), the latter being secured on a hollow shaft I95 that is rotatable on a shaft I96, thelatter being rotatably supported at its ends in bearings carried by the Secured on shaft I96 are gears I91 that support racks 93, 94 and with which gears the teeth of the racks are in mesh.

The hollow shaft I95 that carries gear I94 is always rotating. when drive shaft I9 is actuated,

--these are synchronized.

A clutch mechanism generally indicated at I98 (Fig. 6) is-forconnecting'shafts I95, I96 in driving relation, and forreleasin shaft I96 at predetermined. intervals aftereach connection. This clutch mechanism .isconventional in itself, and comprises a ratchet wheel I99 that is adapted to be intermittently stopped by a pawl H2. Pawl H2 .is movable into andout of engagement with When ratchet is connected with shaft I05 for in any desired position 11 l rotation of the latter in a direction for movingthe racks 93, 94 in a direction for carrying a carriage away from rollers 55, 62. As soon as the pawl H2 is released from engagement with the ratchet wheel, the racks are free to return to a position restoring the carriage to its place adjacent rollers 55, 62,'and are so returned" by means of spring 95. The clutch housing III and ratchet are rotatable relative to said shafts and by differential gearing within the housing I I I which includes concentric main bevel gears respectively on shafts I05, I06 and auxiliary bevel gears carried by the housing on radial axes that connect said main gears (not shown), the driving of shaft I06 and its release is accomplished upon stopping and releasing the ratchet wheel I09.

Wheel I09 is adapted to be stopped by the spring pressed pawl or stop II2 (Fig. 6), which pawl is secured to one end of the arm H3. The other end of arm I I3 is pivotally secured, to cross frame member I I4. r

A link H5 is pivotally connected at one end to arm H3 and the other end of said link is pivotally connected to one arm H6 of the head of a generally T-shaped crank, while the opposite arm III carries a counterweight IIB thereon. A pivot I19 supports the said crank at the juncture of said armswith the depending leg I20 of the crank for pivotal movement of the arms II6, III generally vertically.

Along generally horizontally extending link or rod I2I slidably extends at one end thereof through the leg I20 and springs on said end at opposite sides of said relative to said rod.

The opposite end of rod I2I is pivotally connected to one end of a link I22 that is supported on cross shaft I23 for pivotal movement about the axis of said shaft. The

said link I22 extends over cross shaft 96 and rides like acam follower on cam I24 that is secured to said shaft 96.

In operation, upon revolution of shaft 96 by motor I3 through the transmission and speed changer'98 which is connected to shaft 96 by the belt pulley connection I00, IOI, I02, the cam I24'will be'revolved. As the link I22 is supported against said cam the latter will be swung in one direction as the high side of the cam engages it,

and when so swung the stop or pawl I I2 is moved to engage the teeth of the ratchet wheel I09, stopping the latter and connecting shafts I05, I06 for rotating together. This rotation causes rotation of gears II that are respectively in mesh with the teeth of racks 93, 94, thus actuating said racks ries the cutting and sealing device outwardly away from the feed device generally designated 4.

the cutter and sealer leg yieldably hold the crank for moving the carriage that car- I The pawl I I2 is released from engagement with ratchet wheel I09 by means of an arm I26 carried on shaft I06, which arm lifts the pawl from the ratchet wheel at one point in the revolution of the arm, thus disconnecting shafts I05, I06 for return of the carriage'to its starting position.

The speed changer I2 is preferably. regulated to rotate the drivelroller 62 (drive device 4) at the same surface speed as the speed at which the carriage for the cutter and sealer 5 is moved,

though the'gearand rack connection. However,

as the speed changer 98 regulates the rotation of cam I24, it will be seen that the interval between actuations of the rack gears I01 for moving the carriage may be longer or shorter as desired. If the speed oirotation of thecam is re "ulated to cause pawl I I2 to stop theratchet wheel I33 by means of a'bar I3I thatis pivotedat I38 to the bearing I6.

m (anew therebyactl ate w short time after arm I26 has released themea longer interval to elapse between the actuatio'ris of gears 'I0'I. changer 98 during operation of Means for actuating cutter and sealer on carriage The power for actuating the cutter blade I9 and sealing bar is derived from the motor I3 although rather indirectly; i

The arms 84 that carry the'sealing bar 05 are virtually the corresponding" arms of bell cranks supported for swinging on the axis of shaft BI, and the other arms I2I'of such cranks are pivotally connected at their outer ends tothe outer ends of piston rods'l28. These rods have pistons respectively pivotally connected to their opposite ends, said pistons being reciprocable in cylinders I29 (Figs. 1, 4, 5, 7). Air is admitted to'the cylinders outwardly ofthe pistons'through restricted orifice I30. The piston-cylinder connections with the bell crank arms I21 thus function to provide suflicient resistance oflthe pistons in the cylinders as the carriage This is regulated by the speed the machine.

is moved outwardly to swing the sealing bar into clamping the bag material between said bar and the anvil. 'The initial pressure of the sealing bar may be relatively firmer than later' pressure as the carriage reaches the end of its outward stroke, which isall a matter of where the orifices I30 are positioned and their size. Springs I3I may be on the outer ends of bars I5 to provide'a cushion'for the carriage at the end of its outward movement, and a conventional check valve may be in the head of each cylinder I29 to provide for a relatively fast release of air in the cylinders upon the return of the carriage'under the influence of springs '95, although at the final end of the return stroke the pistons and cylinders function as conventional dash pots, once the pistons have passed the orifices I30 (Fig, 1 the latter being the main ones for reducing the suction created between the pistons and cylinder against the anvil 00.

Referring to Figs. 7,12, one of the arms 86 is seen to be onearm of a bell crank, the other arm I32 'of such 'crankbeing pivotally connected at itsouter end to the end of a rod I33., IThis arm I33 is held releasably against reciprocable move- -ment by one end of an ar mfl34 that is pivotally mounted at I35 on .themachine frame, said end of said arm being releasably engaged in notch I36 in rod I33.

Thus, as the carriage moves outwardly on the;

bars 15," the knife bladerl9 will be swung upwardly to shear the bag material between it and blade I8.

The arm I34 is rocked fo'r releasing the rod This bar I31 extends along one sideof arm l 34 and hasa strap I39 that extends along the other side'ofthearm I34, A stop I40 connects one end of the strap with bar I31 and when this stop strikes arm I34, the latter.

is pivoted on pivot I35, to release it end nqm notch I36, The knife l9 is then quickly sw g to movement 7 downward by spring I4I (Fig. 12) that may connect between the arm 86 and bearing 16. Upon return of the carriage to its normal starting position, the notch I36 will again be positioned for engagement with the end of arm I34, the latter being yieldably returned to its original position byspring I42 (Fig. 7)

It is pertinent to note that the cutter blade 19 will be yieldably moved through its cutting stroke upon engaging the bag material by means of a spring I43 that connects between arm I32 and an arm I44 on the block 89.

During the outward movement of the carriage on bars 16 it will be seen that the bag material between the rollers 55, 62 and the carriage would be unsupported were it not for parallel cords I45 (Figs. 4, that extend over cross bar I46 from their points of attachment to the bed I41 of the machine extending along said rollers. The said cords are held taut between said bed and cross bar M6 by a counterweight member I48 that is pivotally connected to the frame of the machine by means of a rod I 49 extending from the member to the frame.

Modified form of cutter (Fig. 13)

In this form of device there are two anvils I5! spaced apart but carried by frame 11 of the carriage. The stationary cutting blade I52 and guides 163 are alongside anvil I6I and the crank arms 84 carry two heating bars I64, I55, one for each anvil while the movable cutter blade I56 moves between the heating bars and anvils to cut the bag material that is adapted to pass between the knives.

The mechanism for actuating the sealing bars and cutting knife is the same as already described for the device that is generally designated 4 in Fig. 1.

This modification may be used where it is desirable to seal the opposed sides of the bag material at both sides of the cutting blades. When bag material is secured together as in Fig. 19, such sealing is desirable. The left hand side of the bag material will then be open, While side edges are sealed.

The modified cutting and sealing device of Figs. 25, 26

This form of cutter and sealer provides for an extremely strong seal. The cutter is practically identical with that of Fig. 12 and the same numbers will be used for parts thereof that are the same.

The frame 11, bar 86, crank arms 86, I32, block 69, pivot 96, blade 16, guides 92 and reinforcing bar 81 are the same in Fig. 12 as in Figs. 25, 26. However, secured to bar 81 is a bar I68 parallel therewith, and a folding plate I-6I of about the same width as knife 19, is secured alongside bar I66. There is a reinforcing plate I62 alongside blade I6! and the rods 88 identical with rods 85 of Fig. 12 support the assembled bars 81, I66 and plates I6I and I62 for movement the same as has already been described for blade 81.

The sealer of Fig. 26 is above the folding blade I61 and comprises a pair of spaced opposed bars I63, I64 extending generally parallel with blade I61 and having their opposed surfaces grooved so that the lands on one bar will fit in the grooves in the other and vice versa, upon movement of the bars together.

Either the bars I63. or IE4, or both, may be electrically heated in the conventional manner by heating units I65 that are carried thereby.

The bar I64 is stationar ily held on frame -mom'- bers 11, while above said bar is a, cross rod I66 rotatable in uprights I61 carried by said bar I64.

The bar IE3 is swingable on pivots I68 toward and away from bar I64, and arms I69 extending generally laterally from bar I63 are connected by a link assembly I18 with the rod I66 for movement with the rod when the latter is rotated to swing bar I63 toward and substantially against bar I64. There is a yieldable joint in the link assembly I18 that includes spring I11 that reacts between collars I12, I13 for y ieldably urging a reciprocable section I14 of the link into engagement with the arms I89 respectively.

Arms Iii: are secured at one of their ends to rod and the opposite ends of said rod are connected with the piston rods I28 already described in connection with the sealer of Fig. 5.

When the bag material passes between blades 19, and over folding blade, or tucker blade I5I and the carriage is moved outwardly on its rods 15, the knife 19 cuts the material and immediately thereafter "the tucker blade moves one end of the bag material between sealing bars I63, I6 foldingsaid end on itself, after which the tucker blade moves from between the sealing bars and the end of the material that is folded on itself is sea-led together and corrugated, as illustrated in Fig. 27. The same apparatus that is used in Fig. '1 for actuating the cutter blade also actuates the cutter and tucker of Fig. 26, it'being understood that the tucker need not necessarily be completely withdrawn from between the sealing bars before they close, since the yieldable link assemblies connecting bar $63 with rod I66 will permit the withdrawal of the tuckerblade without sticking of the same and without dislodging the folded over endof the bag material.

The slip sheet feed and cutter 6 This device is not always necessary, but where it is desirable to use a slip sheet between opposed sides of the bags that are formed, it is needed.

This device as best indicated in Figs. 14, 15, .16, comprises an upper roller I11, and a lower roller I18 adapted to be engaged thereby. The lower roller I16 is the drive roller and is on a shaft I19 that is rotatable in frame members I88 at its ends. One end of shaft I19 carries a sprocket wheel that is connected with a sprocket wheel onshaft -I8I by a chain I82 (Fig-14).

Shaft IGI also carries a sprocket I83 that is connected with a sprocket I84 (Fig. 16), the

latter being secured on a hollow shaft I85 that is on a cross shaft I86. Shaft I86 is rotatable in bearings carried by the side frame member .of the machine, as is shaft I8I.

The same type of clutch mechanism, generally designated I81, including a ratchet wheel I88 and a stop pawl I89 is here used as has already been described with respect to clutch mechanism The stoppage of ratchet wheel I88 of said clutch mechanism by pawl I89 will engage the gear I86 with shaft I66 for driving of the latter by said gear I88, but when said pawl releases the ratchet wheel, the gears I83 and I84 freely rotate disengaged from shaft I86. The shaft is-i also carries a sprocket gear at one of its ends that is connected by a chain I98 with a similar sprocket wheel on drive shaft 18 (Fig. 2) V The shaft '1 88' carries a sprocket wheel 49] that is connected by chain I91 with a sprocket in the end of shaft I93 that carries a rotary cutter I92. Shaft I93 is carried on frame members I80,

and said shaft also carries a cam I94 having a high side I95 (Figs. 14, 15).

The upper roller I11 is rotatably supported at its ends in arms I96, at least one or both of which may, carry cam follower I91 at one end thereof, said follower being positioned to ride on the peripheral surface of cam I94. The opposite ends of arms I96 are pivotally carried by frame members I80 on cross bar I98 that extends between said members. The roller I11 is between said follower I91 and said cross bar are gears '20I, 202 that mesh with each other when roller I11 is at the lowermost end of its stroke and in. substantial engagement with the roller- I18. Thus roller I18, being positively driven, will drive roller I11. However, upward I movement of roller I11 by reason of cam I94 will not only separate rollers I11, I18 but will move .the gears I, 202 out of mesh with each other.

As has already been described, the roller 'I18 is driven constantly by its chain sprocket connection with shaft I8I (Fig. 14) but the cam V shaft I93 is only rotated when pawl I89 stops rotation of ratchet wheel I88 thereby making a positive driving connection between hollow shaft I85 and shaft I86 through the conventional differential gears in the housing adjacent the ratchetwheel, which arrangement is identical with the clutch mechanism I08 in Figs. 6, 10.

16 revolution of shaft I86 andconsequently, at each revolution ofarm 2I5, and will free the pawl for restoring it to its-elevated position shown in Fig. '16. 1

As'theslip sheet material's (Fig. 15) passes between cross bar 200 and fingers I99, and then between rollers I11, I18, and finally between the rotary knife I92 and stationary blade 2I6 adlacent thereto, it will be seen that with each separation of rollers I11, I18 the slip sheet will be grippedbetween fingers I99 and cross bar 200 and the rollers will not drive the sheet. Also, the knife I92 at that time will'have just completed cutting the sheet S therebetween so.

that the portion of said slip sheet ahead of the knife or in a direction toward the sealers 3, will be carried away between the opposed sides of the bag material B as the latter is continuously moved over the bed of the machine.

Actuation of-the knife and cam I94 for lowering roller-I11 and for releasing the fingers I99 through the action of cam I24 will occur when the gap between the cut portion of the slip sheet and the remainder is such as to permit sufiicient space for sealing by the sealing bar 85 (on carriage 4) or of bars'I 63, I60 (Fig. 26), or I54, I55 (Fig. 13) as the case may be.

The fact that the clutch mechanisms I08 and I81 are actuated from the same cam shaft 96 insures synchronism between the spacing of the cut portions of the slip sheet S at the head of the machine and the cutting and sealing of the bag material B at the foot of the machine. 1

Different types of bags made by machine 7 In Figs. 9a, 17, 18, 'l9 are shown only four types of bags, which constitute only a fraction of the number the machine is capable of making. 7

Bags formed from folding as illustrated-in Fig. 9a, are obviously folded from a single sheet of bag forming materialwith a center seal at Zn The pawl I89 i s yieldable on the outer end of arm 283 (Fig. 16) which arm is pivoted at 204 to a cross frame member 205. A link 206 is pivoted at one end to arm 203 at a'point intermediate the opposite ends of thelatter, while the opposite end of arm 206 is pivotally connected to one end of arm 201. Arm 201 is one of the head arms of a generally T-shaped crank element, the other arm 298 of the head carrying a counterweight 209, while the depending leg 2I0 of the T-crank is yieldably connected with one end ofa generally horizontally extending rod 2, said end being slidable through the outer end of leg with springs 2I2, 2I3 being held on said rod at opp0. site sides of said leg for .yieldably holding the rod between said springs. The T-crank is pivotally supported on the machine'at about the juncture between the. arms and leg thereof as indicated at 2I4.

The opposite end of rod 2 is seen in Fig. 10 where it is pivotally connected to the link I22 that rideslon cam I24. Thus upon each revolution of shaft 96 which carries the-cam I24, the rod 2I I will be generally oscillated and reciprocated, and this movement being transmitted to pawlI-89 (Fig. 16) will lower the pawl into engagement with the teeth of ratchet wheel I88 stopping the latter. 7 r

The release of pawl I89 and subsequent stoppage of rotation of the camshaft I93 and cam I94 in the position indicated in Fig. 15 is caused by the arm 2I5 that is carried on shaft I86.

This arm will engage the pawl I89 at each Assuming the sides 2! 'of the along one of the two opposed sides of the bag. Ordinarily the bag material in the rolls has a maximum width, hence if such maximum width were used in making the bag of Fig. 9a, it is obvious that the width of the bag is about onehalf of the width of the sheet.

In Fig. 17 one method of forming a single or 7 multiple walled bag is shown in which a plurality of sheets 2| 8 'are'folded over at their marginal 5 portions to interleaved'relation withtop sheets 2I9. By adjusting the sealing devices 3 (Fig. 1)

or bars 49 (Fig. 24) to ride over the interleaved marginal portions of sheets 2 I8, 2 I9, the said marginal portions are sealed together tightlyf The V sealing and cutting devices as shown in Figs. 12, I 26 will function to'cut the sealed and folded sheets transversely thereof and to seal one end of the sections so out. Of course bags maybe single sided or may have any number 0f sides without altering the machine other than for supplying the required number of rolls of material at the head of the machine.

is the maximum width of the bag material,-it will be seenthat a much wider bag can be produced than by the folding of a single sheet as seen inFig. 9a. p a I r In Fig.'1 8 the opposite sides 228 of the bags are separate unfolded sheets sealed directly together alongtheir corresponding marginal por- With this arrangement, even larger'bags tions. can be formed than by the method used in mak-' ing the bags shown in Fig. 17, since each; sheet I remains-substantiallyits full width. No folders 17 I4 are required in producing bags by this method since the sheets are not folde In Fig. 18 sheets 22! are shown at opposite sides of plate 20, which sheets may be sealed along one edge only as at 222 leaving the opposite side edges open. As already described, the sealer and cutting device of Fig. 13 is particularly suitable for use with this type of bag since the open side 223 will remain openwhile the ends where the material is out transversely by blade I56 will be sealed at opposite sides of the cut by sealing bars I Eat, l55.

Needless to say, many other arrangements can be made, such as a multiple walled bag generally folded as in Fig. 9a with all overlapped edges being along the cutter of one side of such bag, or with the sheet forming each wall being overlapped along lines offset from the overlapping edges of the adjacent sheets. Also the sheets 2H3 of 17 may be of diiferent widths while the sheets 2I9 are of varying widths to overlap the overfolded margins of sheets 2 is along lines ofiset from each other. Whatever type and structure of envelope type bag is to be made, the machine of this invention is capable of producing it.

The illustrations and description herein are not to be considered restrictive of the invention since they are merely illustrative.

Referring to Fig. 1, in those instances where the bag material is not folded in making the bags the bag forming material that moves over the top of plate 29 (Fig. 19) or the top sheet 22% (Fig. 18) or plurality thereof, may be supported on the machine ahead of the position of posts 22 on the machine as indicated in dotted line (Fig.

posts.

I claim:

1. In a bag forming machine of the character described having a frame and a plate thereon for slidably supporting a flattened tubular strip of thin, flexible paper-like material thereon for movement longitudinally thereof from one end of such plate; including a pair of power driven rollers between which said strip is tightly engaged; a carriage adjacent said rollers spaced from said one end of said plate and reciprocably supported on said frame in the path of said strip for reciprocation longitudinally of said strip; a

pair of relatively movable cutting blades on said.

carriage movable therewith and between which said strip is adapted to be moved for transverse cutting of the latter upon actuation of said blades; means for actuating said blades during movement of said strip and during movement of said carriage in the direction of travel of said strip; means for moving said carriage and said knife at the same rate of speed as said strip; means for moving such strip from said plate and between said cutting blades at a predetermined rate of speed equal to the speed of movement of said carriage and knife.

2. A machine of the character described including a frame and a form member thereon for supporting a flat tubular strip of paper-like bag material for movement longitudinally thereof and from one end of said form; a carriage adjacent said one end supported for reciprocatory movement toward and away from said member; a cutter and sealer supported on said carriage and in the path of said strip upon said movement of the strip for intermittently cutting off the advancing end portion of said strip and sealing its opposed sides together along the line of cut; means for moving said strip at a predetermined rate of 1) at 230, the rolls 23! being carried on such speed; means for moving said carriage in the direction of movement of said strip at substantially the same rate of speed as that of the latter; means for actuating said cutter and sealer during said last mentioned movement of said carriage for so cutting and sealing the material of said strip.

3. A machine of the character described in-' eluding a frame and a form member thereon for supporting a flat tubular strip of paper-like bag material for movement longitudinally thereof and from one end of said form; a carriage adjacent said one end supported for reciprocatory movement toward and away from said member; a cutter and sealer supported on said carriage and in the path of said strip upon said movement of the strip for intermittently cutting off the advancing end portion of said strip and sealing its opposed sides together along the line of cut; means for moving said strip at a predetermined rate of speed; means for moving said carriage in the direction of movement of said strip at substantially the same rate of speed as that of the latter; means for actuating said cutter and sealer during said last mentioned movement of said carriage for so cutting and sealing the material of said strip; said cutter comprising a pair of relatively movable blades extending transversely of the direction of movement of said strip; said strip being of material adapted to be heat-sealed, and said sealer being a pair of relatively movable bars alongside said blades; means for heating one of said bars.

4. A machine of the character described ineluding a frame and a form member thereon for supporting a fiat tubular strip of paper-like bag material for movement longitudinally thereof and from one end of said form; a carriage adjacent said one end supported for reciprocatory movement toward and away from said member;

;a cutter and sealer supported on said carriage and in the path of said strip upon said movement of the-strip for intermittently cutting off the advancing end portion of said strip and sealing its opposed sides together along the line of cut; means for moving said strip at a predetermined rate of speed; means for moving said carriage in the direction of movement of said strip at substantially the same rate of speed as that of the latter; means for actuating said cutter and sealer during said last mentioned movement of said carriage for so cutting and sealing the material of said strip; means for feeding flat strip material to said plate for movement thereover; means adjacent the opposite end of said plate for folding such material about said form member during said movement of the strip longitudinally thereof; and sealing devices adjacent said form member for sealing the longitudinally extending marginal portions of the folded strip together for forming said tubular strip on said form member.

5. A machine of the character described including a frame and a form member thereon for supporting a fiat tubular strip of paper-like has material for movement in a path longitudinally thereof and from one end of said form; a carriage adjacent said one end supported for reciprocatory movement toward and away from said member; a cutter and sealer swingingly supported on said carriage for cutting said strip transversely thereof during said movement of the latter; a rack and gear drive connected with said carriage for intermittently moving the latter in the direction of movement of said strip upon intermittent rotation of said gear and a spring for returning said carriage toward said member; cranks connected with said cutter and sealer; means connecting one of the arms of said cranks respectively to said framerfor so swinging said cutter and sealer upon said movement of said carriage away from said member when said ear is actuated; and means for intermittently actuating said gear.

6. A machine of the character described including a frame and a form member thereon for supporting a flat tubular strip of paper-like ba terial into said tubular strip; a cutter for trans-- material for movement in a path longitudinally 7 thereof and from one end of said form; a carriage adjacent said one end supported for reciprocatory movement toward and away from said member; a cutter and sealer swingingly supported on said carriage for cutting said strip transversely thereof during said movement of the latter; a rack and rear drive connected with said carriage for intermittently moving the latter in the direction of movement of said strip upon intermittent rotation of said gear and a spring for returning said carriage toward said member; cranks connected with said cutter and sealer; means connecting one of the arms of said cranks respectively to said frame for so swinging said cutter and sealer upon said movement of said carriage away from said memberwhen said gear is actuated; means for intermittently actuating said gear; drive rollers engaging said strip for movement continuously at a predetermined rate of speed; and the said gear being actuated by said last mentioned means at a rate of speed for moving said carriageat the same rate of speed as that of said strip; and means for varying the period of time between the intermittent actuations of said gear by said last mentioned means.

7. In a machine of the character described, including a frame and a form member thereon for supporting a fiat tubular strip of paper-like bag material for movement in a path longitudinally thereof and from one end of said form; means for supporting a roll of slip-sheet material adjacent the opposite end of said form for movement of the latter with the tubular strip between its opposed sides; a carriage adjacent said one end supported for reciprocatory movement toward and away from said member; a sealer on'said n carriage extending transversely of said path ac' tuatable for sealing together the opposed sides of said tubular strip; means for continuously moving said tubular sheet along said path; means for intermittently moving said slip-sheet maversely cutting off the section of'slip-sheet material so moved into said tubular strip; means for actuating said sealer and said cutter in synchronism for sealing said opposed sides between each section of slip-sheet material so cut from the roll thereof.

8. In a machine of the character described, in-

cluding a frame and a form member thereon for supporting a flat tubular strip of paper-like bag material for movement in a path longitudinally thereof and from one end of said form; means 7 versely cutting off the section of slip-sheet material so moved into said tubular strip; means for actuating said sealer and said cutter in synchronism for sealing said opposed sides between each section of slip-sheet material so cut from the roll thereof; a second'cutter adjacent said sealer actuatable for cutting said tubular strip transversely thereof between each such section of said slip-sheet; and means for so actuating said last mentioned second cutter.

' HARVEY R, BENTON.

REFERENCES orrsn The following references are ofrecord in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

